Thursday, 31 January 2013

Elephants-An essential part of the culture of Kerala


Referred as ‘Sons of the sahya’, elephants are an essential part of the culture as well as the routine life of Kerala in South India. This animal holds an important place and are also loved a lot.  The state animal of Kerala is the elephant and it even features on the emblem too.

Elephants in the festivals
There is a special Thrissur Pooram festival in Kerala. Almost every festival of this state has at one beautifully decorated temple elephant carrying the idol of the deity during the ceremonial procession. 



They are decorated with bells, huge necklaces and gold-plated Thrissur Pooram festival. Mahouts sitting on them swing silk parasols, white tufts, peacock with the tune of the orchestra. Almost every temple in Kerala has its own elephant. Guruvayur temple homes around 60 domesticated elephants, a number largest in the world. Near the temple is an Elephant Palace, Punnathur kotta where they live and are taken care off.

There are various such festivals in like Edakkunni Uthram Vilakku, Chinakkathoor Pooram, Nemmara Vallangi Vela, Chettikulangara Bharani, Mavelikkara, Uthralikavu Vela, Tripunithara Vrischikolsavam and Arattupuzha Pooram



Elephants as Legends
Elephants even feature in the legends of this south Indian land. Aithihyamala  by Kottarathil Sankunni has various stories about elephants and their legends. There are various such well-known elephants such as Guruvayur Keshavan, Edakkunni Arjunan, Paramelkavu Parameshwaran, Aranmula Valiya Balakrishnan and Thiruvambadi Chandrashekharan.

Elephants in domesticated animals
Both  temples and individuals have more than 700 elephants in the form of domesticated animals. They are used in religious processions and in timber yards.




Care of elephants
Every elephant has three mahouts, called pappan whose duty to give a bath and a massage to the animal using small rocks and coconut’s husk. These Mahouts are of three types, segregated on the basis of their nature of controlling their elephants: Reghawan, Yukthiman and Balwan. During monsoon, animals are given Ayurvedic treatments (Sukha Chikitsa) where herbs are used.

Ornamentation of elephants
The past three generations of the famous  Venkitadri family of Trichur district of this state, have been into making ornaments especially for the Thrissur Pooram festival. They are into making necklaces, gold plated caparisons, umbrellas, venchamaram, alavattam  etc for as many as 150 elephants.



More trivia about elephants in Kerala
Nibha Namboodiri, is the first woman mahout in India. She is a zoologist too who is currently working for elephant welfare.
In Kerala, as many as 3 kinds of devices are used for elephant control-. Thotti (hook), Valiya kol (long pole) and cheru kol (short pole).
In Kerala, the absence of the presence of some physical traits is considered to be auspicious and inauspicious sign at the time of the determination of the elephant’s quality.

No comments:

Post a Comment